Business Studies - XII

 

Paper I - Theory (80 Marks)

1. Human Resource Management

• Introduction to Human Resource Management (HRM):
  • Definition and characteristics (e.g., people-oriented, continuous, interdisciplinary).
• Job and Manpower Planning:
  • Job Analysis, Job Specification, Job Description, Job Enrichment, and Manpower Estimation.
• Staff Recruitment:
  • Definition, sources (internal and external), and e-recruitment methods.
• Staff Selection:
  • Steps in the selection process, including screening, group discussion, and final approval.
• Staff Training:
  • Types (induction, job, safety, etc.), methods (on-the-job and off-the-job), and benefits of training.
• Staff Morale:
  • Definition, morale productivity matrix, factors affecting morale, and methods to raise morale.
• Staff Motivation:
  • Definition, importance, factors influencing motivation, and theories (Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, Herzberg’s Two-factor Theory).
• Staff Remuneration:
  • Time Rate and Piece Rate systems, payroll and payslip components, and types of leaves.
• Staff Leadership:
  • Leadership styles (Autocratic, Democratic, Laissez-faire), Blake & Mouton’s Managerial Grid, and situational leadership.
• Staff Appraisal:
  • Distinction between performance and potential appraisal, appraisal methods (merit grading, 360° appraisal).
• Staff Promotion and Transfer:
  • Types of promotion (open and closed), basis for promotion, and types of transfers.
• Staff Separation:
  • Types of separation (retirement, layoff, dismissal), and importance of exit interviews.
• Emerging Trends in HR:
  • Trends like flexible hours, work-from-home, virtual teams, etc.

2. Business Communication and Correspondence

• Business Communication:
  • Definition, process, methods (oral, written, gestural, visual), barriers, and overcoming barriers.
• Business Correspondence:
  • Importance, elements, and drafting of various business letters (e.g., job applications, resignation letters).
• Reports:
  • Types of reports (statutory, non-statutory, public, private) and differences between them.
• Current Trends:
  • Role of email and video conferencing in business communication.

3. Business Size and Finance

• Various Business Entities:
  • Types of entities (sole proprietorship, partnership, private limited, and public limited companies).
• Sources of Business Finance:
  • Basic understanding of equity, preference shares, debentures, retained profits, loans, and crowdfunding.

4. Globalisation and Recent Trends in Business

• Globalisation:
  • Meaning, nature, and impact of globalization on business operations.
• e-Business:
  • Importance and benefits of e-business for buyers and sellers.
• Outsourcing:
  • Concept, parties involved, advantages, and disadvantages.
• Types of Outsourcing:
  • Understanding of BPO (Business Process Outsourcing), KPO (Knowledge Process Outsourcing), and LPO (Legal Process Outsourcing).
• Online Means of Conducting Business:
  • Types of online business interactions like B2C, C2C, B2B, Intra-Business, and G2B with examples.

5. Business Regulators and Intermediaries

• Regulators and Intermediaries:
  • Definition and roles of regulators and intermediaries.
• Roles of Key Regulators and Intermediaries:
  • Reserve Bank of India (RBI): Oversees Indian banks, foreign banks, and NBFCs.
  • Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI): Regulates stock exchanges, mutual funds, and credit rating agencies.
  • Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDA): Governs insurance companies and brokers.
  • Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI): Regulates food processors and packers.
  • Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS): Sets standards for consumer goods, including the ISI mark.

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Project Work (20 Marks)

Students are required to complete two projects on any topic covered in theory. Each project is worth 10 marks, evaluated on:

• Overall Format: 1 mark
• Content: 4 marks
• Findings: 2 marks
• Viva-voce: 3 marks

Suggested Project Topics

1. Analyzing the recruitment process in two companies and suggesting improvements.
2. Comparative study of selection processes in two corporate firms.
3. Studying compensation policies (increment, incentive, bonus) of two organizations.
4. Examining types of leaves offered by organizations and their cost-benefit implications.
5. Comparing leadership styles of successful business leaders.
6. Evaluating emerging HR trends in five organizations.
7. Comparative study of two e-businesses in terms of their operations, size, and policies.
8. Studying the sources of finance used by two companies.
9. Exploring functions and impacts of outsourcing in a selected BPO or KPO.
10. Studying a regulatory body (e.g., RBI or SEBI) and its functions in protecting public interests.

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This syllabus provides an extensive understanding of Human Resource Management, business communication, financial management, globalization, and regulatory bodies, all aimed at equipping students with critical business skills and knowledge.